Particle size and shape

Crystallization is a fundamental process utilized across various industries, including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and materials science. It involves the formation of solid crystals from a liquid or gas phase, resulting in the separation or purification of substances.

The size and shape of the particles involved in crystallization plays a crucial role in determining process efficiency and the quality of the final product. It works on:

◾ filterability,
◾ residual solvent,
◾ powder compressibility,
◾ flowability,
◾ dissolution rate,
◾ bioavailability

Smaller particle sizes result in higher nucleation rates, faster crystal formation, and increased process efficiency. They also contribute to a higher surface area, leading to improved crystal purity, reduced impurity adsorption, and better control over polymorphism. Additionally, optimizing particle sizes facilitates filtration and separation processes, enhancing downstream processing and overall productivity.

To optimize particle sizes in crystallization, industries can employ strategies such as adjusting process conditions, utilizing seeding techniques, incorporating anti-solvents and additives, and selecting appropriate crystallizer designs.